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A new way of classifying athletes aims to quantify the thresholds that distinguish recreational athletes from their trained, highly trained, and elite brethren

Our Sweat Science columnist spent two months measuring his blood sugar around the clock. Here’s what he found.

The latest “exercise in a bottle” study finds that plasma from exercising mice makes sedentary mice smarter. But don’t throw out your workout gear just yet.

Over the past decade, research into compression sportswear has exploded. Here’s what the results reveal.

It’s time to break out the merino base layers and the heat-exchange breathing masks

A selection of (mostly) new titles for fans of science, endurance, fitness, and adventure

The genes that make some people vulnerable to a fatal heart stoppage may be the same ones that give them an athletic edge, researchers suggest

Sports medicine physicians are rethinking the relationship between damage to your body and how it feels

As skimo prepares for its Olympic debut in 2026, sports scientists explore the sport’s demands

Your GPS watch and other gadgets are great at describing training, but prescribing it is a harder challenge

A mathematical model explains how endurance and speed come together to determine who will win a last-lap sprint

A new study quantifies the effects of running on technical terrain

A new study uses machine learning to quantify the effects of temperature, humidity, heat, and sun

Scientists take their equations for the energy demand of hills and rough terrain out into the real world

The link between serious cycling and poor bone health is well established, but researchers are still debating what to do about it

The physiological differences between men and women affect how much fluid they store, how they sweat, and how quickly they heat up. Does that matter?

Yes, people sometimes die while running. No, that doesn’t mean running is “dangerous.”

A new study investigates how different types of physical performance are affected by the time of day

The case of 24-year-old Daniel Granberg, who died of high-altitude pulmonary edema earlier this month, highlights the danger of altitudes well below the Himalayan “death zone”

A new study suggests that hydrogels enable you to down more carbs with less digestive distress, and race faster as a result.

A new app called NatureQuant harnesses the latest research to track and rate your time outside. Next up: determining how much you need.

A new study measures the physical and cognitive load of four different treading techniques. The key? Generate lift.

Regular exercisers drink more, a new study confirms, but are less likely to be problem drinkers

Supersapiens’s new continuous glucose monitor promises to help athletes manage their energy levels. But can it really stave off a bonk?

A long-running gym debate about whether to train each limb separately comes to the cycling world

A new study of Western States ultrarunners illustrates the power of looking beyond simple risk factors to predict injury

Scientists have been debating whether muscles contract more slowly as you age, but new data suggests the real problem is a loss of strength

After years of debate on the dangers of “too much exercise,” researchers sum up the state of current knowledge

Exercise and digestion often don’t mix well, but scientists are on the case

Israel Start-Up Nation’s physiologist Paulo Saldhana explains the data—and the feelings—that determine who attacks when in a cycling race

It’s the simplest and cheapest performance booster available, so why don’t elite athletes take advantage of it?

Five years after the Vaporfly upended marathon running, track shoes are set to star in Tokyo

New research fine-tunes the details of heat adaptation

A new study shows measurable gains in strength from a purely imaginary training program

The physiology of events like the Ultra-Trail du Mont-Blanc is radically different from “short” events like the marathon

Instead of focusing on joint angles and limb movements, a new study takes a holistic approach to the biomechanics of elite runners

Dealing with discomfort isn’t a magical gift. It’s a skill, and you can improve at it.

New research sifts through the evidence to figure what types of intervals make you fastest

The mile isn’t just another race distance. It’s almost its own sport.

Exercise causes pain, but it also dulls it. Researchers are still trying to understand how that works.

A new study tests how much cycling it takes to maximize cognitive function in endurance athletes

The latest deaths raised questions about the role of COVID, but analyses of nearly a century’s worth of climbing records suggest some consistent patterns

A new study looks for adaptations in the placenta, and finds positive effects from exercise during pregnancy

Researchers are searching for telltale clues in your strength, flexibility, or body position that signal an impending injury. It’s harder than you think.

A new analysis digs into who overheats and which conditions are most risky, with surprising results

Setting high goals is great, but how you deal with falling short determines how long you’re willing to keep chasing them

What separates the best endurance athletes from everyone else isn’t their amazing lab test data or power values—it’s how well they maintain those values after a few hours of exhausting exercise

It’s easy—maybe a bit too easy—to believe that poor sleep leaves you more vulnerable to injury. But researchers aren’t so sure after all.

Maintaining the ability to hit top gear after your twenties is useful even for endurance athletes, and takes specific training

Running alone against the clock is very different from trying to beat other runners, but untangling how our minds process the challenge is “like knitting with spaghetti”

A new review assesses what it takes to maintain endurance and strength when circumstances interfere with your usual training

Changing hormone levels affect your tendons, ligaments, and muscles, and evidence is mounting that this can influence your chances of injury

Mental fatigue has become a hot topic for sports science researchers, but its effects remain controversial

At the 2019 World Championships, researchers gave marathoners and racewalkers swallowable thermometer pills and used thermal cameras to assess the effectiveness of hydration and cooling techniques in the heat of competition

Detailed power data from sprinter Marcel Kittel and climber Tom Dumoulin highlight the contrasting physiological demands faced by different riders

A new study explores how inner monologue varies between sports, situations, and experience levels

Tallying which articles are most frequently cited in later studies reveals the biggest trends in sports science—and some oversights

Unlike heat training, repeated exposure to cold doesn't necessarily help you handle winter weather better

A new study plots the progression of thousands of people following an ultra-minimalist training plan. The results are impressive—at least initially.

Winning races when you’re young may seem like a good predictor of future success, but it’s not perfect

If even pacing is so great, why do the best runners in the world always seem to have another gear at the end?

Two new studies find performance benefits from high levels of the sunshine vitamin, but they're not the final word

A new study tries—and fails—to predict athletic greatness with a DNA test. Thank goodness.

Correctly timing all the elements of your taper can give you an extra edge on race day

Pronation is out of favor, comfort is too vague, but maybe measuring your "habitual motion path" will guide you to a shoe that minimizes your injury risk

Top trail runners mix running and walking on steep terrain, but even scientists aren't sure how we choose which is better

A leading company redefines what it's actually measuring, and explains why that's what we really wanted all along

Check out these titles for fans of science, endurance, fitness, and adventure

The company's library of studio exercise classes, integrated with on-screen fitness data from your Apple Watch, launches today. Our Sweat Science columnist takes it for a spin.

A new study explores the links between exercise and pain perception, and how easily they can be manipulated

A new generation of futuristic at-home workout solutions—including Mirror, Tonal, and Peloton—were gaining steam even before the pandemic

After half a century of confusion, researchers have a new perspective on the transition from "aerobic" to "anaerobic" exercise

When you stop breathing, oxygen flowing to your brain actually increases—at least for a while

A basic principle of training says you get better at the things you do most. So why does cross-training work?

A pro marathoner looking for a sponsor takes a scientific approach to finding the right match

To pick their two-hour marathon team, researchers tested some of the greatest runners on the planet. Now they're revealing what they found.

You don’t need an elaborate workout plan to get the most out of your resistance workout; you just need to tune into how you feel

A new review sifts through the evidence for and against hiking with poles

A new study suggests that slow-twitch runners can handle higher mileage than fast-twitch runners before showing signs of overtraining

Biology suggests that decades of running should invariably blow out your knees. Scientists are trying to understand why that doesn’t happen.