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Hear "ATVs in National Parks," and it's easy to picture this happening at every sensitive site. In reality, ATVs are really no different than car or motorcycles, and are just a wholesome way for a family to get some outdoor fun. What's really that different between one of these, and an old Jeep? (Photo: Honda)
Indefinitely Wild

Calm Down About ATVs in Utah’s National Parks

The NPS announced last week that it would begin allowing ATVs to drive on roads in Utah鈥檚 parks. The move is intended to bring NPS regulations in the state鈥檚 parks in line with state law.

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I鈥檝e got a secret spot in Death Valley National Park聽that I visit when I need some time away from people. It鈥檚 45 miles from the nearest paved road, and the trails that lead there are challenging enough that you need to use a modified 4×4, dirt bike, or ATV to navigate them. You know what my favorite thing about that spot is? The silence.聽It鈥檚 strange to me, then, that the chief arguments people use to complain about ATVs in聽parks is the noise they make.

The National Park Service announced last week that it would begin allowing people to drive ATVs聽on roads in Utah鈥檚 national parks. The move is intended to bring NPS regulations in the state鈥檚 parks in-line with state law. This makes sense; the that governs law enforcement on federal lands clearly defers to a state鈥檚 right to set its own vehicle laws, stating, 鈥淭he use of vehicles within a park area [is] governed by state law.鈥 This applies to the types of vehicle permitted on roadways, their size and weight, and even the amount of noise they make. ATVs have exploded in popularity in recent years, and enthusiasts聽have been lobbying for improved access, which has often come in the form of modifying laws written before the existence of ATVs to acknowledge their presence.

Not only are all terrain vehicles, utility task vehicles, side-by-sides, or whatever you want to call them no noisier than other types of vehicles, but because it鈥檚 the states, not the federal government, that are responsible for deciding which vehicles are able to operate on the roads within their borders, they are, by legal definition, no different than cars, trucks, motorcycles, or RVs. And all of those are already allowed in national parks.

So, why are people so upset about this? My theory is . We want to keep national parks full of our kind of people. Not the kind of people who ride ATVs.

You can practically hear the pearl clutching in some of the opposition to the new rule. 鈥淭hey鈥檙e loud and obnoxious and because of that they鈥檙e completely contrary to the reasons that people travel from across the globe and across the country to visit national parks,鈥 Neal Clark, staff attorney for the Southern Utah Wilderness Alliance, told聽.

In order to legally operate an ATV on public roads in Utah, that vehicle must be registered with the state聽and insured. And for those things to happen, it must be fitted with a legal muffler聽and safety equipment. All the normal laws continue to apply to ATVs:聽they must obey posted speed limits聽and are only allowed on designated roads, dirt roads, off-highway vehicle trails, or in special off-highway vehicle parks.

The Tribune argues that ATVs make so much noise, 鈥渢hat occupants wear ear protection.鈥 This is untrue. People who ride ATVs , which is so loud inside a helmet that it can damage聽your hearing at just 37 miles per hour. , but other states do apply their own noise regulations鈥攖ypically at 80 to 92 decibels鈥攖o ATVs, which are able to easily meet those regulations in stock form. Modifying a vehicle鈥檚 exhaust system in such a way that it circumvents or removes the muffler is illegal in Utah; ATVs sold there are no louder than the ones that do pass noise regulations in other states.

So is it some inherent obnoxiousness that so offends recreationists like聽Clark? All roads in national parks are subject to speed limits鈥攖he fastest you can legally travel in most parks is 45 miles per hour鈥攁nd other driving regulations, as set by the state in which the park roads are located. Dangerous driving聽and stunts of any kind聽are illegal. No matter what kind of vehicle you drive鈥攁s is driving off a designated road or trail.

It鈥檚 confusion about what 鈥渙ff-road鈥 means that seems to drive a feeling among聽their opponents that ATVs are obnoxious. 鈥淭hey are uniquely capable of easily leaving the road and traveling cross country,鈥 states聽an argument against ATV access in . It鈥檚 a common misconception that off-road driving or riding simply involves going wherever you like. Not only is this typically impossible, even in a vehicle as capable as an ATV, but it鈥檚 also illegal. On any public lands, operating a vehicle outside a designated road, trail, or special off-highway vehicle park is expressly illegal. These roads and trails have typically been in place for decades, and enable vehicles to travel through sensitive environments without damaging them.

While that may not be common knowledge among聽people who don鈥檛 participate in off-roading, ethical and legal trail use is front and center for many聽who do. As I explored at length in this article, multiple non-profits exist across the off-road world, spreading knowledge about minimizing the impacts of the activity, and the off-road community has been exceptionally effective at self policing. Do something unethical in front of other off-roaders, and you can expect a verbal lashing. Post that unethical action to the internet, and hoards of off-road enthusiasts will descend to boycott your business, ban you from group outings, and generally ostracize you from the community.

Yet, the rest of the world still looks at an off-road enthusiast and sees an other. They see the type of person they don鈥檛 want to see in a national park. They shouldn鈥檛. 鈥淎s a whole, [off-road vehicle users] are more active in every single recreation activity relative to the general U.S. population,鈥 according to the U.S.聽Forest Service.聽In 2008, . The result? 鈥淔or some activities, OHV users participate聽at more than twice the national rate.鈥 It found that 47 percent of off-roaders were going off-road in order to go swimming, 49 percent were going fishing, and 86 percent were using their off-road vehicles to find a neat place to go for a nature walk.

If you’re not familiar with the off-road world, you think that allowing ATVs in National Parks is akin to opening the gates for , but in actual fact this is just another group of outdoor enthusiasts who enjoy all the same things you do. They just choose to facilitate that passion with an ATV, rather than a Prius. Arguments that visitors on ATVs are going to overwhelm understaff parks are moot for that reason, even if the ATV community has done itself no favors with its image in Utah. In 2014, on Bureau of Land Management land in the state that was closed for archeological research. It’s not exactly clear what the riders thought they might gain from the protest, but it certainly made them look like a bunch of jerks.

The other big argument against the new rules is more political than it is social. The rule was made by proclamation, rather than the review of environmental impacts and public comment that鈥檚 supposed to be the process. This is the same practice that鈥檚 causing trouble across our public lands under the Trump Administration, be it drilling in ANWR, or shrinking Bears Ears. But while I鈥檝e argued strongly against the often illegal practice elsewhere, I also can鈥檛 help but feel that us environmentalists are shooting ourselves in the foot by fighting this one.

Perhaps more than any other state, Utah is embroiled in a war to wrest control of the public lands inside its border away from the American public. The state鈥檚 strongly conservative social history plays a role there, allowing politicians to deceive their constituents with specious arguments about state鈥檚 rights聽and big government. Some of the most vocal anti-public land voices on the national stage hail from Utah. Swinging the state鈥檚 vote away from politicians like that, and toward聽representatives who support public lands would be a major win. And .

There are 202,000 registered, road-legal ATVs in Utah, and . Could letting this case of rulemaking-by-proclamation go and accepting that motor vehicle rules in national parks are supposed to be determined by the states聽be worth it?

I get to my secret spot in Death Valley using a 4×4 or dirt bike,聽functionally equivalent to an ATV. All three have always been legal in the park. I wouldn鈥檛 be able to get that deep, or that far from other people by any other means. And, once I鈥檓 there, with the vehicle switched off, I have the place all to myself. Our national parks are still vast enough that you find solitude in one, even in times of record visitation. ATVs aren鈥檛 going to overcrowd Utah鈥檚 national parks, even if they do allow a few new people to enjoy them. And that is a worthy goal, no matter how you look at it.

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